Sonic and accelerated weapons (USW) are weapons of assorted types that use complete to injure, incapacitate, or annihilate an opponent. Some sonic weapons are currently in bound use or in analysis and development by aggressive and badge forces. Others abide alone in the branch of science fiction. Some of these weapons accept been declared as sonic bullets, sonic grenades, sonic mines, or sonic cannons. Some accomplish a focused axle of complete or ultrasound; some accomplish an breadth acreage of sound. Although abounding absolute sonic and accelerated weapons are declared as "non-lethal", they can still annihilate beneath assertive conditions.
Saturday, February 11, 2012
Designed to emit sound as an irritant
Extremely high-power complete after-effects can agitate and/or abort the eardrums of a ambition and could could cause astringent affliction or disorientation. This is usually acceptable to incapacitate a person. Less able complete after-effects can could could cause bodies to acquaintance abhorrence or discomfort. The use of these frequencies to incapacitate bodies has occurred both in counter-terrorist and army ascendancy settings.
The achievability of a accessory that produces abundance that causes beating of the eyeballs — and accordingly baloney of eyes — was allegedly accepted by the plan of architect Vic Tandy34 while attempting to deflate a “haunting” in his class in Coventry. This “spook” was characterised by a activity of anxiety and ambiguous glimpses of a blah apparition. Some detective plan active a anew installed extractor fan that, Tandy found, was breeding infrasound of 18.9 Hz, 0.3 Hz, and 9 Hz.
In 2005 BBC appear that the aggregation of the cruise address Seabourn Spirit acclimated a continued ambit acoustic accessory (LRAD) to avert pirates who chased and attacked the ship.5 More frequently this accessory and others of agnate architecture accept been acclimated to banish protesters and rioters in army ascendancy efforts. A agnate arrangement is alleged a "magnetic acoustic device".6
The BBC appear in Oct 2006 on a 'mobile' sonic accessory which is getting acclimated in Grimsby, Hull and Lancashire and is advised to avert teenagers from abiding about shops in ambition areas. The accessory works by abounding an ultra-high abundance bang (around 19–20 kHz) that teenagers or humans beneath about 20 are affected to and acquisition uncomfortable. Age-related audition accident allegedly prevents the ultra-high angle complete from causing a nuisance to those in their backward twenties and above, admitting this is wholly abased on a adolescent person's acknowledgment to top complete burden levels.
High-amplitude complete of a specific arrangement at a abundance abutting to the acuteness aiguille of animal audition (2-3 kHz) is acclimated as a burglar deterrent.7
During the 2009 G20 acme in Pittsburgh, the badge acclimated complete cannons adjoin protestors.8
The achievability of a accessory that produces abundance that causes beating of the eyeballs — and accordingly baloney of eyes — was allegedly accepted by the plan of architect Vic Tandy34 while attempting to deflate a “haunting” in his class in Coventry. This “spook” was characterised by a activity of anxiety and ambiguous glimpses of a blah apparition. Some detective plan active a anew installed extractor fan that, Tandy found, was breeding infrasound of 18.9 Hz, 0.3 Hz, and 9 Hz.
In 2005 BBC appear that the aggregation of the cruise address Seabourn Spirit acclimated a continued ambit acoustic accessory (LRAD) to avert pirates who chased and attacked the ship.5 More frequently this accessory and others of agnate architecture accept been acclimated to banish protesters and rioters in army ascendancy efforts. A agnate arrangement is alleged a "magnetic acoustic device".6
The BBC appear in Oct 2006 on a 'mobile' sonic accessory which is getting acclimated in Grimsby, Hull and Lancashire and is advised to avert teenagers from abiding about shops in ambition areas. The accessory works by abounding an ultra-high abundance bang (around 19–20 kHz) that teenagers or humans beneath about 20 are affected to and acquisition uncomfortable. Age-related audition accident allegedly prevents the ultra-high angle complete from causing a nuisance to those in their backward twenties and above, admitting this is wholly abased on a adolescent person's acknowledgment to top complete burden levels.
High-amplitude complete of a specific arrangement at a abundance abutting to the acuteness aiguille of animal audition (2-3 kHz) is acclimated as a burglar deterrent.7
During the 2009 G20 acme in Pittsburgh, the badge acclimated complete cannons adjoin protestors.8
Demonstrated infrasonic weapon
The U.S. DOD has approved phased arrays of infrasonic emitters. The weapon usually consists of a accessory that generates complete at about 7 Hz. The achievement from the accessory is baffled (by pipes) to an arrangement of accessible emitters. At this frequency, armor and accurate walls and added accepted architecture abstracts acquiesce complete after-effects to canyon through, accouterment little defense.9 This presents logistic problems apropos operation of infrasonic ammunition after advertisement operating cadre to the potentially damaging effects.
Physicist and researcher Jürgen Altmann, however, has appropriate that infrasound "does not accept the declared desperate furnishings on humans" in his cardboard "Acoustic Weapons." While abounding sources accomplish advertence to aggressive analysis into infrasonic weapons alpha with the plan of Dr. Vladimir Gavreau, it is cryptic as to whether or not these accessories accept abeyant use in conflict.
Physicist and researcher Jürgen Altmann, however, has appropriate that infrasound "does not accept the declared desperate furnishings on humans" in his cardboard "Acoustic Weapons." While abounding sources accomplish advertence to aggressive analysis into infrasonic weapons alpha with the plan of Dr. Vladimir Gavreau, it is cryptic as to whether or not these accessories accept abeyant use in conflict.
Research
Some accepted bio-effects of electromagnetic or added non-lethal weapons cover furnishings to the animal axial afraid arrangement consistent in concrete pain,breathing adversity , vertigo, nausea, disorientation, or added systemic discomfort. Interference with breath poses the a lot of cogent and potentially baleful results. Light and repetitive beheld signals can abet epileptic seizures (see Bucha effect). Vection and motion affection can aswell occur. Cavitation, which affects gas nuclei in animal tissue, and heating can aftereffect from acknowledgment to ultrasound and can could cause accident to tissue and organs.
ultrasound
Studies accept begin that acknowledgment to top acuteness ultrasound at frequencies from 700 kHz to 3.6 MHz can could cause lung and abdominal accident in mice. Heart amount patterns afterward vibroacoustic dispatch has resulted in austere abrogating after-effects such as atrial agitate and bradycardia. 10 11
Researchers accept assured that breeding affliction through the audition arrangement application top acuteness complete resulted in a top accident of abiding audition damage. Organizations in a analysis affairs which included the Naval Submarine Medical Analysis Laboratory (Groton, Connecticut), Navy Experimental Diving Unit (Panama City, Florida), SCC San Diego, Navy Medical Analysis and Development Command (Bethesda, Maryland), Underwater Complete Reference Detachment of Naval Undersea Warfare Center (Orlando, Florida), Applied Analysis Laboratories: University of Texas at Austin, Applied Physics Laboratory: University of Washington, Institute for Sensory Research: Syracuse University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Boston University, University of Vermont, Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, University of Rochester, University of Minnesota, University of Illinois, Loyola University,disambiguation bare and the State University of New York at Buffalo, complex top acuteness aural complete abstracts on animal subjects.citation needed
Researchers accept assured that breeding affliction through the audition arrangement application top acuteness complete resulted in a top accident of abiding audition damage. Organizations in a analysis affairs which included the Naval Submarine Medical Analysis Laboratory (Groton, Connecticut), Navy Experimental Diving Unit (Panama City, Florida), SCC San Diego, Navy Medical Analysis and Development Command (Bethesda, Maryland), Underwater Complete Reference Detachment of Naval Undersea Warfare Center (Orlando, Florida), Applied Analysis Laboratories: University of Texas at Austin, Applied Physics Laboratory: University of Washington, Institute for Sensory Research: Syracuse University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Boston University, University of Vermont, Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, University of Rochester, University of Minnesota, University of Illinois, Loyola University,disambiguation bare and the State University of New York at Buffalo, complex top acuteness aural complete abstracts on animal subjects.citation needed
sensitivity
The extra-aural (unrelated to hearing) bioeffects on assorted centralized organs and the axial afraid arrangement included audition shifts, vibrotactile acuteness change, beef contraction, cardiovascular action change, axial afraid arrangement effects, vestibular (inner ear) effects, and chest wall/lung tissue effects. Researchers begin that low abundance alarm acknowledgment could aftereffect in cogent cavitations, hypothermia, and tissue shearing. No chase on abstracts were recommended. Tests performed on mice appearance the beginning for both lung and alarmist accident occurs at about 184 dB. Accident increases rapidly as acuteness is increased.
Noise-induced neurologic disturbances in bodies apparent to connected low abundance tones for durations best than 15 account has complex in some cases the development of actual and continued appellation problems affecting academician tissue. The affection resembled those of individuals who had suffered accessory arch injuries. One approach for a causal apparatus is that the abiding complete acknowledgment resulted in abundant automated ache to academician tissue to abet an encephalopathy.12
Noise-induced neurologic disturbances in bodies apparent to connected low abundance tones for durations best than 15 account has complex in some cases the development of actual and continued appellation problems affecting academician tissue. The affection resembled those of individuals who had suffered accessory arch injuries. One approach for a causal apparatus is that the abiding complete acknowledgment resulted in abundant automated ache to academician tissue to abet an encephalopathy.12
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